An overview of common spelling differences between British and American English in research papers. Use our handy checklist to make sure your next research manuscript is free of inconsistencies that can annoy reviewers and readers.
Toggle navigation Toggle navigation. News, tips, and resources from the academic publishing experts at AJE. Active vs. What Should I Use? Why Does It Matter?
Learn how to choose if you should write with an active voice or a passive voice. Popular Categories Writing a manuscript Finishing touches Choosing a journal Peer review and publication Sharing your research Research process Publication ethics. Example 1: Passive : The interviews were conducted by two people who had no relationship with New York City.
Active : Two people who had no relationship with New York City conducted the interviews [or, Two people, neither of whom had a relationship with New York City, conducted the interviews].
Example 2: Passive : Atlas. Active option 1 : We used Atlas. Active option 2 : The researchers used Atlas. In this case, the active options may be problematic for different reasons.
The house was built in The road is being repaired. Examples I noticed that a window had been left open. Every year thousands of people are killed on our roads. All the cookies have been eaten. My car has been stolen! Present continuous The house is being cleaned at the moment. Simple past The house was cleaned yesterday. Past continuous The house was being cleaned last week. Present perfect The house has been cleaned since you left. Past perfect The house had been cleaned before they arrived.
Future The house will be cleaned next week. Future continuous The house will be being cleaned tomorrow. You might use it in the following cases:. An experimental solar power plant will be built in the Australian desert. Insulin was first discovered in by researchers at the University of Toronto.
It is still the only treatment available for diabetes. The sodium hydroxide was dissolved in water. This solution was then titrated with hydrochloric acid. In these sentences you can count on your reader to know that you are the one who did the dissolving and the titrating. The passive voice places the emphasis on your experiment rather than on you. Note: Over the past several years, there has been a movement within many science disciplines away from passive voice. Active Voice Passive Voice Harry ate six shrimp at dinner.
At dinner, six shrimp were eaten by Harry. Beautiful giraffes roam the savannah. The savannah is roamed by beautiful giraffes.
Sue changed the flat tire. The flat tire was changed by Sue. We are going to watch a movie tonight. A movie is going to be watched by us tonight. I ran the obstacle course in record time. The obstacle course was run by me in record time.
The crew paved the entire stretch of highway. The entire stretch of highway was paved by the crew. Mom read the novel in one day. The novel was read by Mom in one day. I will clean the house every Saturday.
The house will be cleaned by me every Saturday. The company requires staff to watch a safety video every year. The staff are required by the company to watch a safety video every year. Tom painted the entire house.
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